Um estudo bibliográfico da análise da substituição do fluido refrigerante R410A pelo fluido R32

Abstract

This bibliographical research aimed to analyze the performance coefficient of refrigerants R410A and R32 in an ideal vapor compression refrigeration cycle, assuming that the performance coefficient is of such importance in the analysis of refrigeration facilities. In the research, we selected R-410A and R32 fluids, considering that they are the most indicated to replace R-22, which should fall into total disuse in the year 2040, given its aggression to the ozone layer. What motivated us to carry out this research was the incessant search to find a fluid that had a low impact on the environment, our performance and future training in the undergraduate course in Mechanical Engineering, the performance of our activities in the area of HVAC and refrigeration. For the elaboration of this work, we carried out several searches, of scientific productions, that dealt with the evaluation of the operational parameters, that presented points such as: refrigeration capacity, power consumed by the compressor and the performance and discharge developed by the compressor. The impact on the environment was carried out by studies that used the TEWI method, performing an analysis of the performance of both refrigerants. According to the research carried out, the tests performed show a variation in the evaporation temperature between -7 and 7 °C, while the condensing temperature was maintained at 41 °C. In addition to the evaporation temperature, the compressor operating frequency was also varied from 45 to 60 Hz. The results obtained by SILVA (2018), during his research, showed that the power consumed by the compressor using R32 increased from 3 to 5% when compared to R410A. The cooling capacity of R32 was approximately 3 to 7% greater than for R410A. The COP was 2 to 8% higher using R32. The discharge temperature of the compressor operating with R32 was approximately 20 to 30 °C higher than for R410A. Considering the studies carried out, it appears that R32 has a superior performance than R410A, considering the smaller amount of fluid used in the system and the smaller GWP that this fluid presents.