Aprendizagem baseada em empreendedorismo: uma proposta para melhoria do ensino profissional técnico de nível médio no IFPA

Abstract

This research was elaborated as parto f Post-Graduation Program in Professional and Technological Education - PROFEPT requerest, and consists in a proposal of a teaching method model for the professional technical education high school level, called Entrepreneurship Based Learning - EBL. The idea was referenced in Cantillon (1755), Say (1986), McClelland (1987), Filion (1999), Schumpeter (1988, 1997), Saviani (1994), Dolabela, Dornelas (2001), Friedlaender (2004), Moura (2007), Chiavenato (2009), Coan (2011), Salusse and Andreassi (2016) and others studies. The methodology is based on applied, qualitative and quantitative research, using a dialectical, bibliographic, documentary and case study method. The instruments of data collection used were two questionnaires, a diagnosis and another prognosis; both presented a total of tean open and closed questions, based on the responses of which the results analysis was performed. The research participants were from two classes: a subsequente way offer and an integrated way offer, both of them in a high school level. In the first one, we have 35 students and in the second one with 40 students; as well as two teachers who teach curricular components in these classes. Arising from the need to intervene in situations of school dropout at the research site, Óbidos Campus of the Federal Institute of Pará, the educational product is based on principles of entrepreneurship, inspired by the structure of Project Based Learning (PBL) and the concepts of Learning Significant of Ausubel. The product idea proposes the development of skills, abilities and entrepreneurial attitudes, in order to make them or to improve them in the capacities of production of their means of life and realization of their personal projects and professionals, that is, the proposal is that students graduated from an entrepreneurial perspective succeed not only in their areas of activity as technicians, but in any activity they intend to carry out. With this premise the EBL method is proposed, which consists of a prototype composed of six categories that are progressively able to contribute to the improvement of teaching quality through the emphasis on entrepreneurial behavior: mission, strategy, process, mentoring, prototype and outcome. After applying the product, the analysis of the results with an evolution mapping of the students academic performance shows that the research fulfilled the purpose for which it was conceived, obtaining satisfactory results. Currently the research is part of the Stay and Success Plan of the IFPA - Campus Óbidos, and aims to contribute to the reduce evasion and retention, acting for students to succeed in their studies. In addition, the research and educational product will be used in the IFPA - Óbidos Campus as a reference for working with the training itineraries proposed by the National Curriculum Guidelines for Higher Education - DCNEM, through the structuring axis "Entrepreneurship".