Sistema de supervisão e gerenciamento contra sobrecarga em quadros elétricos residenciais e prediais

Abstract

This work presents the development of a monitoring and protection system designed for electrical panels, focusing on residential and building applications. The main objective of the system is to enhance the safety and efficiency of electrical installations through real-time supervision. It uses the ESP32 microcontroller, known for its high processing capacity, connectivity, and low cost. Current and voltage sensors are employed to continuously measure the circuits' consumption. If the current exceeds the cable capacity for more than 10 seconds, the system automatically shuts down the circuit and issues an alert, preventing overloads, wiring damage, and fire risks. In addition to protection, the system allows for individual monitoring of energy consumption per circuit, providing a clear view of the electrical panel’s performance. This facilitates the identification of waste and contributes to the efficient management of the installation. The proposal also aims to prevent common failures, such as the improper replacement of circuit breakers and the undue increase of load on circuits, acting as a support tool for preventive maintenance and the modernization of installations.