Estudo de viabilidade para implantação de turbinas bulbo na microrregião do Rio Madeira

Abstract

Amazonas is the largest state in Brazil, with dense forests and large voluminous rivers, the 62 municipalities spread over its lands suffer from this Amazonian cost, which are major logistical and investment problems due to the large territorial area of the region. Serving this population with basic resources and electricity is challenging, as it makes the National Interconnected System (SIN) unfeasible to cross the Amazon and serve these municipalities. The state has several isolated and thermoelectric systems to serve the communities, even though the region has the largest water resources in the country for hydroelectric generation, and it is in the Amazon Forest that the largest quantity of diesel and natural gas thermoelectric plants is concentrated, damaging the sustainability of the region with the absence of renewable resources. This work will analyze the data of the micro-region of the Madeira River located in the state of Amazonas and the possibility of installing Small Hydroelectric Power Plants (SHPP) with Bulb type hydraulic turbines to serve those municipalities. The adopted methodology is characterized as bibliographic research, of a descriptive character and analyzing data provided by the national energy regulatory agencies, seeking to meet the population's energy demand in a sustainable manner. In this way, it was analyzed which regions would benefit, the demand that would need to be met for those municipalities and the positive gain that can be obtained using the technology of bulb type SHPPs, leaving aside non-renewable models or that cause great environmental impact such as the large Hydroelectric Power Plants (HEP) that are being built. The results show that there is a possibility of implantation of large HEP, however in the research for more sustainable conditions and of less impact for the region, the use of bulb turbines in SHPP becomes more viable and with less impacts.