Cardiomiopatia dilatada em cães - Revisão

Abstract

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disease characterized by a systolic dysfunction which is commonly accompanied by dilation of the atrium, left ventricle and reduced myocardial contractility, generating compensatory mechanisms that progress to congestive heart failure. Our objective are to carry out a literature review on dilated cardiomyopathy, the etiology, classification based on clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment based on the scientific basis of articles, dissertations, national and international books from the last 15 years. dilated cardiomyopathy could have a genetic origin, myocardial toxins, nutritional deficiencies and viral diseases. Clinical signs are variable and could be more evident in phase III of CMD, which includes lethargy, tachypnea, cough, bloating, cachexia and syncope. Besides that wide lack of signals, some patients could have sudden death as their only manifestation. The diagnosis can be performed by the analysis of clinical signs, chest radiography, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and laboratory tests. Treatment should be instituted according to the patient's symptoms and morphological and electrical changes that can be identified and monitored from the echocardiogram and electrocardiogram. Keywords: cardiology. myocardium. dilation. cardiac output.